What support services are available in higher education?
Transitioning from high school to college is a significant milestone for any student, but for those with special needs, it can come with additional challenges and concerns. Fortunately, colleges and universities across the country are increasingly recognizing the importance of providing comprehensive support services and accommodations to ensure that all students, including those with special needs, can succeed in higher education.
Understanding legal rights and protections
Before diving into specific services and accommodations, it is essential for parents and students to understand their legal rights. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act are two critical pieces of legislation that protect the rights of students with disabilities in higher education. These laws require colleges to provide reasonable accommodations and ensure that students with disabilities have equal access to educational opportunities.
Disability Services offices
Most colleges and universities have a dedicated Disability Services Office (DSO) or a similar department responsible for supporting students with disabilities. These offices serve as the primary point of contact for students seeking accommodations and support. The DSO staff can help students navigate the process of obtaining accommodations, provide information about available resources, and advocate on behalf of students to ensure their needs are met.
Types of accommodations
Accommodations are adjustments or modifications that enable students with disabilities to participate fully in their education. The types of accommodations available can vary depending on the student's needs and the institution, but common examples include:
Extended time on exams: Students with disabilities may receive additional time to complete exams to ensure they can demonstrate their knowledge without the pressure of time constraints.
Note-taking assistance: Some students may benefit from having a note-taker in class or access to lecture notes and recordings.
Assistive technology: Colleges may provide or allow the use of assistive technology, such as screen readers, speech-to-text software, or specialized keyboards, to support students' learning.
Accessible housing: Institutions may offer accessible housing options or modifications to ensure that students with physical disabilities can live comfortably on campus.
Alternative formats for course materials: Students with visual or learning disabilities may need textbooks and other course materials in alternative formats, such as Braille, large print, or digital versions.
Academic support services
In addition to accommodations, many colleges offer a range of academic support services specifically designed to assist students with disabilities. These services can include:
Tutoring and study skills workshops: Dedicated tutoring centers or workshops can help students develop effective study strategies, time management skills, and subject-specific knowledge.
Academic advising: Academic advisors who specialize in working with students with disabilities can provide personalized guidance on course selection, degree planning, and career goals.
Writing centers: Writing centers offer support for all stages of the writing process, from brainstorming and outlining to revising and editing, which can be particularly beneficial for students with learning disabilities.
Counseling and mental health services
The transition to college can be stressful for any student, and those with special needs may face additional emotional and mental health challenges. Colleges typically provide counseling and mental health services to support students' well-being. These services can include:
Individual counseling: Licensed counselors or psychologists can provide one-on-one support for students dealing with anxiety, depression, or other mental health concerns.
Support groups: Group therapy or support groups can offer a sense of community and understanding for students facing similar challenges.
Crisis intervention: Colleges often have resources in place to support students in crisis, including emergency counseling services and connections to local mental health providers.
Preparing for the transition
Parents play a crucial role in preparing their children for the transition to college. Here are some steps to help ensure a smooth process:
Research and visit colleges: Start by researching colleges that have strong support services for students with disabilities. Visiting campuses and meeting with the Disability Services Office can provide valuable insights.
Encourage self-advocacy: Help your child develop self-advocacy skills so they can effectively communicate their needs and seek out resources independently.
Gather documentation: Ensure that your child has up-to-date documentation of their disability, as colleges will require this to provide accommodations.
Stay informed: Stay informed about your child's rights and the resources available to them. Encourage open communication with the Disability Services Office and other support staff.
Navigating the transition to college can be a daunting task for parents and students alike, but understanding the available support services and accommodations can make a significant difference. By taking advantage of the resources provided by colleges and universities, students with special needs can thrive academically and personally. Remember, the key to success is early preparation, open communication, and a willingness to seek out and utilize the support available.